Validation of an analytical model of groundwater velocity based on laboratory test and numerical simulation

Surface water–groundwater exchange affects the material and energy transfer of rivers adjacent riparian zones. As an intuitive carrier energy, temperature can effectively reflect spatial temporal variation surface process. In this paper, influence water head sand sample uniformity on its field seepage is studied through a one-dimensional column laboratory test. To verify accuracy vertical heat analysis model, velocity measured in indoor test compared with submerged rate calculated by four models. The results show that Hatch analytical solution, Keery McCallum solution Luce VFLUX2 MATLAB are reliable for calculating undercurrent heterogeneous column.